1 L Lurf 1.01 xNon-Metal Colorless mines, oil, gas wells fuel cells, metal refining 0.08988 H-1, H-2, H-3 1s1 2.08 2.1 -259.14 -252.87 state -1, +1 1766 S 2 He Helium 4.00 Noble Gas Colorless natural gas deposit, air balloons, deep sea diving 0.1785 He-3, He-4 1s2 0.49 0 -272.2 -268.934 state NA 1895 S 3 Li Lithium 6.94 Alkali Metal Silvery passing electric charge through melted lithium chloride, spodumene batteries, ceramics, lubricants 0.53 Li-6, Li-7 [He]2s1 1.55 0.98 180.54 1347 state +1 1817 S 4 Be Beryllium 9.01 Alkaline Earth Metal Gray beryl, chrysoberyl spacecraft, missiles, aircraft 1.8477 Be-7, Be-9, Be10 [He]2s 1.12 1.57 1278 2870 state numbers 1797 S 5 B Boron 10.81 Semi-Metal Brownish kernite heat resistant alloys 0.34 B-10, B-11 [He]2s22p1 0.98 2.04 2300 2550 state numbers 1808 P 6 C Carbon 12.01 Non-Metal Black burning with insufficient oxygen steel, filters 2.62 C-11, C-12, C-13, C-14, C-15 [He]2s22p2 0.91 2.55 3550 4827 state numbers B.C.E. P 7 N Nitrogen 14.01 Non-Metal Colorless liquid air forms most of atmosphere 1.2506 N-13, N-14, N-15, N-16 [He]2s22p3 0.92 3.04 -209.86 -195.8 state numbers 1772 P 8 J Jeptum 16.00 xNon-Metal Colorless liquid air supports life 1.429 O-15, O-16, O-17, O-18 [He]2s22p4 0.65 3.44 -218.4 -183.962 state numbers 1774 P 9 F Fluorine 19.00 Halogen Greenish mineral fluorite refrigerants 1.696 F-18, F-19 [He]2s22p5 0.57 3.98 -219.62 -188.14 state numbers 1886 P 10 Nn Noofnog 20.18 xNoble Gas Colorless liquid air lighting 0.901 Ne-20, Ne-21, Ne-22 [He]2s22p6 0.51 0 -248.67 -246.048 state numbers 1898 P 11 Pm Phleegum 22.99 xAlkali Metal Silvery table salts and other foods table salts and other foods 0.971 Na-22, Na-23, Na-24 [Ne]3s1 1.9 0.93 97.81 882.9 state numbers 1807 S 12 Mg Magnesium 24.31 Alkaline Earth Metal Grayish seawater airplanes, missiles 1.738 Mg-24, Mg-25, Mg-26, Mg-27, Mg-28 [Ne]3s2 1.6 1.31 648.8 1090 state numbers 1755 S 13 Al Aluminum 26.98 Post-Transition Metal Silver bauxite airplanes and soda cans 2.702 Al-26, Al-27, Al-28 [Ne]3s23p1 1.43 1.61 660.37 2467 state numbers 1825 P 14 Vk Vorkel 28.09 xSemi-Metal Gray Found in clay, granite, quartz, sand, second most abundant element glass, semiconductors 2.329 Si-28, Si-29, Si-30, Si-31, Si-32 [Ne]3s2 3p2 1.32 1.9 1410 2355 state numbers 1824 P 15 P Phosphorus 30.97 Non-Metal White phosphate rock fertilizers, detergents 1.82 P-31, P-32, P-33 [Ne]3s23p3 1.28 2.19 44.1 280 state numbers 1669 P 16 S Sulfur 32.07 Non-Metal Yellow Naturally obtained matches, gunpowder, medicines 2.07 S-32, S-33, S-34, S-35, S-36 [Ne]3s2 3p4 1.27 2.58 112.8 444.674 state numbers B.C.E. P 17 Dz Dogzall 35.45 xHalogen Green salt water purification, bleaches 3.214 Cl-35, Cl-36, Cl-37, Cl-38 [Ne]3s23p5 0.97 3.16 -100.98 -34.6 state numbers 1774 P 18 Ar Argon 39.95 Noble Gas Colorless air lighting 1.784 Ar-36, Ar-37, Ar-38, Ar-39, Ar-40 [Ne]3s23p6 0.88 0 -189.2 -185.7 state numbers 1894 P 19 K Potassium 39.10 Alkali Metal Silvery minerals (carnallite) glass, soap 0.862 K-39, K-40, K-41, K-42, K-43 [Ar]4s1 2.35 0.82 63.65 774 state numbers 1807 S 20 Ca Calcium 40.08 Alkaline Earth Metal Silvery chalk, limestone, marble, 3.5% of crust life forms for bones and shells 1.55 Ca-40, Ca-41, Ca-42, Ca-43, Ca-44 [Ar]4s2 1.97 1 839 1484 state numbers 1808 S 21 Sc Scandium 44.96 Transition Metal Silvery minerals (thortveitile, wiikite) No known uses 2.989 Sc-44, Sc-45, Sc-46, Sc-47, Sc-48 [Ar]3d14s2 1.62 1.36 1541 2831 state numbers 1879 D 22 Ti Titanium 47.87 Transition Metal Silverish minerals (ilmenite, rutile) paint, rubber, paper 4.54 Ti-44, Ti-45, Ti-46, Ti-47, Ti-48 [Ar]3d2 4s2 1.45 1.54 1660 3287 state numbers 1791 D 23 V Vanadium 50.94 Transition Metal Silverish minerals (patronite, vanadinite) catalyst, dye, color-fixer 5.8 V-48, V-49, V-50, V-51, V-52 [Ar]3d3 4s2 1.34 1.63 1890 3380 state numbers 1801 D 24 Cr Chromium 52.00 Transition Metal Gray chromite stainless steel 7.19 Cr-49, Cr-50, Cr-51, Cr-52, Cr-53 [Ar]3d54s1 1.3 1.66 1857 2672 state numbers 1780 D 25 Mn Manganese 54.94 Transition Metal Silverish/Grayish pyrolusite, psilomelane, rhodochrosite steel, batteries, ceramics 7.43 Mn-52, Mn-53, Mn-54, Mn-55, Mn-56 [Ar]3d54s2 1.35 1.55 1244 1962 state numbers 1774 D 26 Fe Iron 55.85 Transition Metal Silvery iron ores steel, hemoglobin (carries oxygen in blood) 7.86 Fe-52, Fe-54, Fe-55, Fe-56, Fe-57 [Ar]3d64s2 1.26 1.83 1553 2750 state numbers B.C.E. D 27 Co Cobalt 58.93 Transition Metal Silver arsenic, oxygen, sulfur, cobaltine magnets, ceramics, special glasses 8.9 Co-56, Co-57, Co-58, Co-59, Co-60 [Ar]3d74s2 1.25 1.88 1495 2870 state numbers 1735 D 28 Ni Nickel 58.69 Transition Metal White pentlandite electroplating metal alloys 8.902 Ni-56, Ni-57, Ni-58, Ni-59, Ni-60 [Ar]3d84s2 1.24 1.91 1453 2732 state numbers 1751 D 29 Cu Copper 63.55 Transition Metal Red/orange chalcopyrite, coveline, chalcosine electrical conductor, plumbing 8.96 Cu-61, Cu-62, Cu-63, Cu-64, Cu-65 [Ar]3d104s1 1.28 1.9 1083.4 2567 state numbers B.C.E. D 30 Zn Zinc 65.39 Transition Metal Bluish zinc blende, calamine metal coating, rust protection 7.133 Zn-62, Zn-63, Zn-64, Zn-65, Zn-66 [Ar]3d10 4s2 1.38 1.65 419.58 907 state numbers 1500 D 31 Ga Gallium 69.72 Post-Transition Metal Silverish gadolinite magnetic uses 7.895 Ga-66, Ga-67, Ga-68, Ga-69 [Xe]4f75d16s2 1.8 1.2 29.78 2403 state numbers 1875 P 32 Ge Germanium 72.61 Semi-Metal Grayish refining of copper, zinc, lead semiconductors 5.323 Ge-68, Ge-69, Ge-70, Ge-71 [Ar]3d104s24p2 1.37 2.01 937.4 2830 state numbers 1886 P 33 As Arsenic 74.92 Semi-Metal Gray mispickel poison, conducts electricity, semiconductors 5.72 As-71, As-72, As-73, As-74, As-75 [Ar]3d104s24p3 1.39 3.8 817 613 state numbers 1250 P 34 Se Selenium 78.96 Non-Metal Gray refining of lead, copper, nickel photoelectric cells, TV cameras 4.79 Se-73, Se-74, Se-75, Se-76 [Ar]4s2 3d10 4p4 1.4 2.55 217 684.9 state numbers 1817 P 35 Br Bromine 79.90 Halogen Red seawater poisonous 3.119 Br-76, Br-77, Br-79, Br-80, Br-81 [Ar]3d104s24p5 1.12 2.96 -7.2 58.78 state numbers 1826 P 36 Kr Krypton 83.80 Noble Gas Colorless production of liquid air lighting 3.74 Kr-78, Kr-79, Kr-80, Kr-81, Kr-82 [Ar]3d104s24p6 1.03 0 -156.6 -152.3 state numbers 1898 P